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Author SHA1 Message Date
Oleg Kalachev
49ade7ef48 Install rtui (terminal user interface for ROS) 2023-11-07 06:14:36 +03:00
37 changed files with 288 additions and 582 deletions

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@@ -7,7 +7,6 @@ on:
branches: [ master ] branches: [ master ]
release: release:
types: [ created ] types: [ created ]
workflow_dispatch:
jobs: jobs:
build: build:

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@@ -5,7 +5,6 @@ on:
branches: [ '*' ] branches: [ '*' ]
pull_request: pull_request:
branches: [ master ] branches: [ master ]
workflow_dispatch:
jobs: jobs:
# melodic: # melodic:

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@@ -5,7 +5,6 @@ on:
branches: [ '*' ] branches: [ '*' ]
pull_request: pull_request:
branches: [ '*' ] branches: [ '*' ]
workflow_dispatch:
permissions: permissions:
contents: read contents: read

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@@ -5,7 +5,6 @@ on:
branches: [ '*' ] branches: [ '*' ]
pull_request: pull_request:
branches: [ master ] branches: [ master ]
workflow_dispatch:
jobs: jobs:
editorconfig: editorconfig:

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@@ -15,26 +15,52 @@
set -e # Exit immidiately on non-zero result set -e # Exit immidiately on non-zero result
echo_stamp() {
# TEMPLATE: echo_stamp <TEXT> <TYPE>
# TYPE: SUCCESS, ERROR, INFO
# More info there https://www.shellhacks.com/ru/bash-colors/
TEXT="$(date '+[%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S]') $1"
TEXT="\e[1m$TEXT\e[0m" # BOLD
case "$2" in
SUCCESS)
TEXT="\e[32m${TEXT}\e[0m";; # GREEN
ERROR)
TEXT="\e[31m${TEXT}\e[0m";; # RED
*)
TEXT="\e[34m${TEXT}\e[0m";; # BLUE
esac
echo -e ${TEXT}
}
################################################## ##################################################
# Configure hardware interfaces # Configure hardware interfaces
################################################## ##################################################
echo "--- Enable sshd" # 1. Enable sshd
echo_stamp "#1 Turn on sshd"
touch /boot/ssh touch /boot/ssh
# /usr/bin/raspi-config nonint do_ssh 0 # /usr/bin/raspi-config nonint do_ssh 0
echo "--- GPIO enabled by default" # 2. Enable GPIO
echo_stamp "#2 GPIO enabled by default"
echo "--- Enable I2C" # 3. Enable I2C
echo_stamp "#3 Turn on I2C"
/usr/bin/raspi-config nonint do_i2c 0 /usr/bin/raspi-config nonint do_i2c 0
echo "--- Enable SPI" # 4. Enable SPI
echo_stamp "#4 Turn on SPI"
/usr/bin/raspi-config nonint do_spi 0 /usr/bin/raspi-config nonint do_spi 0
echo "--- Enable raspicam" # 5. Enable raspicam
echo_stamp "#5 Turn on raspicam"
/usr/bin/raspi-config nonint do_camera 0 /usr/bin/raspi-config nonint do_camera 0
echo "--- Enable UART" # 6. Enable hardware UART
echo_stamp "#6 Turn on UART"
# Temporary solution # Temporary solution
# https://github.com/RPi-Distro/raspi-config/pull/75 # https://github.com/RPi-Distro/raspi-config/pull/75
/usr/bin/raspi-config nonint do_serial 1 /usr/bin/raspi-config nonint do_serial 1
@@ -46,9 +72,11 @@ systemctl disable hciuart.service
# https://github.com/RPi-Distro/raspi-config/commit/d6d9ecc0d9cbe4aaa9744ae733b9cb239e79c116 # https://github.com/RPi-Distro/raspi-config/commit/d6d9ecc0d9cbe4aaa9744ae733b9cb239e79c116
#/usr/bin/raspi-config nonint do_serial 2 #/usr/bin/raspi-config nonint do_serial 2
echo "--- Enable v4l2 driver" # 7. Enable V4L driver http://robocraft.ru/blog/electronics/3158.html
# http://robocraft.ru/blog/electronics/3158.html
#echo "bcm2835-v4l2" >> /etc/modules #echo "bcm2835-v4l2" >> /etc/modules
echo_stamp "#7 Turn on v4l2 driver"
if ! grep -q "^bcm2835-v4l2" /etc/modules; if ! grep -q "^bcm2835-v4l2" /etc/modules;
then printf "bcm2835-v4l2\n" >> /etc/modules then printf "bcm2835-v4l2\n" >> /etc/modules
fi fi
echo_stamp "#8 End of configure hardware interfaces"

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@@ -15,8 +15,28 @@
set -e # Exit immidiately on non-zero result set -e # Exit immidiately on non-zero result
echo_stamp() {
# TEMPLATE: echo_stamp <TEXT> <TYPE>
# TYPE: SUCCESS, ERROR, INFO
# More info there https://www.shellhacks.com/ru/bash-colors/
TEXT="$(date '+[%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S]') $1"
TEXT="\e[1m$TEXT\e[0m" # BOLD
case "$2" in
SUCCESS)
TEXT="\e[32m${TEXT}\e[0m";; # GREEN
ERROR)
TEXT="\e[31m${TEXT}\e[0m";; # RED
*)
TEXT="\e[34m${TEXT}\e[0m";; # BLUE
esac
echo -e ${TEXT}
}
NEW_SSID='clover-'$(head -c 100 /dev/urandom | xxd -ps -c 100 | sed -e "s/[^0-9]//g" | cut -c 1-4) NEW_SSID='clover-'$(head -c 100 /dev/urandom | xxd -ps -c 100 | sed -e "s/[^0-9]//g" | cut -c 1-4)
echo "--- Setting SSID to ${NEW_SSID}" echo_stamp "Setting SSID to ${NEW_SSID}"
# TODO: Use wpa_cli insted direct file edit # TODO: Use wpa_cli insted direct file edit
# FIXME: We rely on raspberrypi-net-mods to copy our file to /etc/wpa_supplicant. # FIXME: We rely on raspberrypi-net-mods to copy our file to /etc/wpa_supplicant.
# This is not very reliable, but seems to fix our rfkill problem. # This is not very reliable, but seems to fix our rfkill problem.
@@ -37,17 +57,19 @@ network={
EOF EOF
NEW_HOSTNAME=$(echo ${NEW_SSID} | tr '[:upper:]' '[:lower:]') NEW_HOSTNAME=$(echo ${NEW_SSID} | tr '[:upper:]' '[:lower:]')
echo "--- Setting hostname to $NEW_HOSTNAME" echo_stamp "Setting hostname to $NEW_HOSTNAME"
hostnamectl set-hostname $NEW_HOSTNAME hostnamectl set-hostname $NEW_HOSTNAME
sed -i 's/127\.0\.1\.1.*/127.0.1.1\t'${NEW_HOSTNAME}' '${NEW_HOSTNAME}'.local/g' /etc/hosts sed -i 's/127\.0\.1\.1.*/127.0.1.1\t'${NEW_HOSTNAME}' '${NEW_HOSTNAME}'.local/g' /etc/hosts
# .local (mdns) hostname added to make it accesable when wlan and ethernet interfaces are down # .local (mdns) hostname added to make it accesable when wlan and ethernet interfaces are down
echo "--- Enable ROS services" echo_stamp "Enable ROS services"
systemctl enable roscore systemctl enable roscore
systemctl enable clover systemctl enable clover
echo "--- Harware setup" echo_stamp "Harware setup"
/root/hardware_setup.sh /root/hardware_setup.sh
echo "--- Remove init scripts" echo_stamp "Remove init scripts"
rm /root/init_rpi.sh /root/hardware_setup.sh rm /root/init_rpi.sh /root/hardware_setup.sh
echo_stamp "End of initialization of the image"

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@@ -736,6 +736,3 @@ realsense2_camera:
realsense2_description: realsense2_description:
debian: debian:
buster: [ros-noetic-realsense2-description] buster: [ros-noetic-realsense2-description]
geographiclib:
debian:
buster: [libgeographic-dev]

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@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@
# copies or substantial portions of the Software. # copies or substantial portions of the Software.
# #
set -ex # exit on error, echo commands set -e # Exit immidiately on non-zero result
# https://www.raspberrypi.org/software/operating-systems/#raspberry-pi-os-32-bit # https://www.raspberrypi.org/software/operating-systems/#raspberry-pi-os-32-bit
SOURCE_IMAGE="https://downloads.raspberrypi.org/raspios_lite_armhf/images/raspios_lite_armhf-2021-05-28/2021-05-07-raspios-buster-armhf-lite.zip" SOURCE_IMAGE="https://downloads.raspberrypi.org/raspios_lite_armhf/images/raspios_lite_armhf-2021-05-28/2021-05-07-raspios-buster-armhf-lite.zip"
@@ -22,13 +22,33 @@ export DEBIAN_FRONTEND=${DEBIAN_FRONTEND:='noninteractive'}
export LANG=${LANG:='C.UTF-8'} export LANG=${LANG:='C.UTF-8'}
export LC_ALL=${LC_ALL:='C.UTF-8'} export LC_ALL=${LC_ALL:='C.UTF-8'}
echo_stamp() {
# TEMPLATE: echo_stamp <TEXT> <TYPE>
# TYPE: SUCCESS, ERROR, INFO
# More info there https://www.shellhacks.com/ru/bash-colors/
TEXT="$(date '+[%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S]') $1"
TEXT="\e[1m$TEXT\e[0m" # BOLD
case "$2" in
SUCCESS)
TEXT="\e[32m${TEXT}\e[0m";; # GREEN
ERROR)
TEXT="\e[31m${TEXT}\e[0m";; # RED
*)
TEXT="\e[34m${TEXT}\e[0m";; # BLUE
esac
echo -e ${TEXT}
}
BUILDER_DIR="/builder" BUILDER_DIR="/builder"
REPO_DIR="${BUILDER_DIR}/repo" REPO_DIR="${BUILDER_DIR}/repo"
SCRIPTS_DIR="${REPO_DIR}/builder" SCRIPTS_DIR="${REPO_DIR}/builder"
IMAGES_DIR="${REPO_DIR}/images" IMAGES_DIR="${REPO_DIR}/images"
[[ ! -d ${SCRIPTS_DIR} ]] && (echo "Error: directory ${SCRIPTS_DIR} doesn't exist"; exit 1) [[ ! -d ${SCRIPTS_DIR} ]] && (echo_stamp "Directory ${SCRIPTS_DIR} doesn't exist" "ERROR"; exit 1)
[[ ! -d ${IMAGES_DIR} ]] && mkdir ${IMAGES_DIR} && echo "Directory ${IMAGES_DIR} was created successful" [[ ! -d ${IMAGES_DIR} ]] && mkdir ${IMAGES_DIR} && echo_stamp "Directory ${IMAGES_DIR} was created successful" "SUCCESS"
if [[ -z ${TRAVIS_TAG} ]]; then IMAGE_VERSION="$(cd ${REPO_DIR}; git log --format=%h -1)"; else IMAGE_VERSION="${TRAVIS_TAG}"; fi if [[ -z ${TRAVIS_TAG} ]]; then IMAGE_VERSION="$(cd ${REPO_DIR}; git log --format=%h -1)"; else IMAGE_VERSION="${TRAVIS_TAG}"; fi
# IMAGE_VERSION="${TRAVIS_TAG:=$(cd ${REPO_DIR}; git log --format=%h -1)}" # IMAGE_VERSION="${TRAVIS_TAG:=$(cd ${REPO_DIR}; git log --format=%h -1)}"
@@ -44,15 +64,15 @@ get_image() {
local RPI_IMAGE_NAME=$(echo ${RPI_ZIP_NAME} | sed 's/zip/img/') local RPI_IMAGE_NAME=$(echo ${RPI_ZIP_NAME} | sed 's/zip/img/')
if [ ! -e "${BUILD_DIR}/${RPI_ZIP_NAME}" ]; then if [ ! -e "${BUILD_DIR}/${RPI_ZIP_NAME}" ]; then
echo "--- Downloading original Linux distribution" echo_stamp "Downloading original Linux distribution"
wget --progress=dot:giga -O ${BUILD_DIR}/${RPI_ZIP_NAME} $2 wget --progress=dot:giga -O ${BUILD_DIR}/${RPI_ZIP_NAME} $2
echo "--- Downloading complete" "SUCCESS" echo_stamp "Downloading complete" "SUCCESS" \
else else echo_stamp "Linux distribution already donwloaded"; fi
echo "Linux distribution already downloaded"
fi
echo "--- Unzipping Linux distribution image" echo_stamp "Unzipping Linux distribution image" \
unzip -p ${BUILD_DIR}/${RPI_ZIP_NAME} ${RPI_IMAGE_NAME} > $1 && unzip -p ${BUILD_DIR}/${RPI_ZIP_NAME} ${RPI_IMAGE_NAME} > $1 \
&& echo_stamp "Unzipping complete" "SUCCESS" \
|| (echo_stamp "Unzipping was failed!" "ERROR"; exit 1)
} }
get_image ${IMAGE_PATH} ${SOURCE_IMAGE} get_image ${IMAGE_PATH} ${SOURCE_IMAGE}

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@@ -12,29 +12,50 @@
# copies or substantial portions of the Software. # copies or substantial portions of the Software.
# #
set -ex # exit on error, echo commands set -e # Exit immidiately on non-zero result
echo_stamp() {
# TEMPLATE: echo_stamp <TEXT> <TYPE>
# TYPE: SUCCESS, ERROR, INFO
# More info there https://www.shellhacks.com/ru/bash-colors/
TEXT="$(date '+[%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S]') $1"
TEXT="\e[1m$TEXT\e[0m" # BOLD
case "$2" in
SUCCESS)
TEXT="\e[32m${TEXT}\e[0m";; # GREEN
ERROR)
TEXT="\e[31m${TEXT}\e[0m";; # RED
*)
TEXT="\e[34m${TEXT}\e[0m";; # BLUE
esac
echo -e ${TEXT}
}
echo_stamp "Write Clover information"
echo "--- Write Clover information"
# Clover image version # Clover image version
echo "$1" >> /etc/clover_version echo "$1" >> /etc/clover_version
# Origin image file name # Origin image file name
echo "${2%.*}" >> /etc/clover_origin echo "${2%.*}" >> /etc/clover_origin
echo "--- Write magic script to /etc/rc.local" echo_stamp "Write magic script to /etc/rc.local"
MAGIC_SCRIPT="sudo /root/init_rpi.sh; sudo sed -i '/sudo \\\/root\\\/init_rpi.sh/d' /etc/rc.local && sudo reboot" MAGIC_SCRIPT="sudo /root/init_rpi.sh; sudo sed -i '/sudo \\\/root\\\/init_rpi.sh/d' /etc/rc.local && sudo reboot"
sed -i "19a${MAGIC_SCRIPT}" /etc/rc.local sed -i "19a${MAGIC_SCRIPT}" /etc/rc.local
# It needs for autosizer.sh & maybe that is correct # It needs for autosizer.sh & maybe that is correct
echo "--- Change boot partition" echo_stamp "Change boot partition"
sed -i 's/root=[^ ]*/root=\/dev\/mmcblk0p2/' /boot/cmdline.txt sed -i 's/root=[^ ]*/root=\/dev\/mmcblk0p2/' /boot/cmdline.txt
sed -i 's/.* \/boot vfat defaults 0 2$/\/dev\/mmcblk0p1 \/boot vfat defaults 0 2/' /etc/fstab sed -i 's/.* \/boot vfat defaults 0 2$/\/dev\/mmcblk0p1 \/boot vfat defaults 0 2/' /etc/fstab
sed -i 's/.* \/ ext4 defaults,noatime 0 1$/\/dev\/mmcblk0p2 \/ ext4 defaults,noatime 0 1/' /etc/fstab sed -i 's/.* \/ ext4 defaults,noatime 0 1$/\/dev\/mmcblk0p2 \/ ext4 defaults,noatime 0 1/' /etc/fstab
echo "--- Set max space for syslogs" echo_stamp "Set max space for syslogs"
# https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/139513/how-to-clear-journalctl # https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/139513/how-to-clear-journalctl
sed -i 's/#SystemMaxUse=/SystemMaxUse=200M/' /etc/systemd/journald.conf sed -i 's/#SystemMaxUse=/SystemMaxUse=200M/' /etc/systemd/journald.conf
echo "--- Move /etc/ld.so.preload out of the way" echo_stamp "Move /etc/ld.so.preload out of the way"
mv /etc/ld.so.preload /etc/ld.so.preload.disabled-for-build mv /etc/ld.so.preload /etc/ld.so.preload.disabled-for-build
echo "--- End of init image" echo_stamp "End of init image"

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@@ -12,20 +12,43 @@
# copies or substantial portions of the Software. # copies or substantial portions of the Software.
# #
set -ex # exit on error, echo commands set -e # Exit immidiately on non-zero result
echo_stamp() {
# TEMPLATE: echo_stamp <TEXT> <TYPE>
# TYPE: SUCCESS, ERROR, INFO
# More info there https://www.shellhacks.com/ru/bash-colors/
TEXT="$(date '+[%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S]') $1"
TEXT="\e[1m$TEXT\e[0m" # BOLD
case "$2" in
SUCCESS)
TEXT="\e[32m${TEXT}\e[0m";; # GREEN
ERROR)
TEXT="\e[31m${TEXT}\e[0m";; # RED
*)
TEXT="\e[34m${TEXT}\e[0m";; # BLUE
esac
echo -e ${TEXT}
}
echo_stamp "#1 Write STATIC to /etc/dhcpcd.conf"
echo "--- Write static to /etc/dhcpcd.conf"
cat << EOF >> /etc/dhcpcd.conf cat << EOF >> /etc/dhcpcd.conf
interface wlan0 interface wlan0
static ip_address=192.168.11.1/24 static ip_address=192.168.11.1/24
EOF EOF
echo "--- Set wpa_supplicant country" echo_stamp "#2 Set wpa_supplicant country"
cat << EOF >> /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf cat << EOF >> /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf
country=GB country=GB
EOF EOF
echo "--- Write dhcp-config to /etc/dnsmasq.conf" echo_stamp "#3 Write dhcp-config to /etc/dnsmasq.conf"
cat << EOF >> /etc/dnsmasq.conf cat << EOF >> /etc/dnsmasq.conf
interface=wlan0 interface=wlan0
address=/clover/coex/192.168.11.1 address=/clover/coex/192.168.11.1
@@ -36,3 +59,5 @@ bogus-priv
domain-needed domain-needed
quiet-dhcp6 quiet-dhcp6
EOF EOF
echo_stamp "#4 End of network installation"

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@@ -15,9 +15,35 @@
set -ex # exit on error, echo commands set -ex # exit on error, echo commands
REPO=$1
REF=$2
INSTALL_ROS_PACK_SOURCES=$3
DISCOVER_ROS_PACK=$4
NUMBER_THREADS=$5
# Current ROS distribution # Current ROS distribution
ROS_DISTRO=noetic ROS_DISTRO=noetic
echo_stamp() {
# TEMPLATE: echo_stamp <TEXT> <TYPE>
# TYPE: SUCCESS, ERROR, INFO
# More info there https://www.shellhacks.com/ru/bash-colors/
TEXT="$(date '+[%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S]') $1"
TEXT="\e[1m$TEXT\e[0m" # BOLD
case "$2" in
SUCCESS)
TEXT="\e[32m${TEXT}\e[0m";; # GREEN
ERROR)
TEXT="\e[31m${TEXT}\e[0m";; # RED
*)
TEXT="\e[34m${TEXT}\e[0m";; # BLUE
esac
echo -e ${TEXT}
}
# https://gist.github.com/letmaik/caa0f6cc4375cbfcc1ff26bd4530c2a3 # https://gist.github.com/letmaik/caa0f6cc4375cbfcc1ff26bd4530c2a3
# https://github.com/travis-ci/travis-build/blob/master/lib/travis/build/templates/header.sh # https://github.com/travis-ci/travis-build/blob/master/lib/travis/build/templates/header.sh
my_travis_retry() { my_travis_retry() {
@@ -43,24 +69,24 @@ my_travis_retry() {
} }
# TODO: 'kinetic-rosdep-clover.yaml' should add only if we use our repo? # TODO: 'kinetic-rosdep-clover.yaml' should add only if we use our repo?
echo "--- Init rosdep" echo_stamp "Init rosdep"
my_travis_retry rosdep init my_travis_retry rosdep init
# FIXME: Re-add this after missing packages are built # FIXME: Re-add this after missing packages are built
echo "yaml file:///etc/ros/rosdep/${ROS_DISTRO}-rosdep-clover.yaml" >> /etc/ros/rosdep/sources.list.d/10-clover.list echo "yaml file:///etc/ros/rosdep/${ROS_DISTRO}-rosdep-clover.yaml" >> /etc/ros/rosdep/sources.list.d/20-default.list
my_travis_retry rosdep update my_travis_retry rosdep update
echo "--- Populate rosdep for ROS user" echo_stamp "Populate rosdep for ROS user"
my_travis_retry sudo -u pi rosdep update my_travis_retry sudo -u pi rosdep update
export ROS_IP='127.0.0.1' # needed for running tests export ROS_IP='127.0.0.1' # needed for running tests
# echo "Reconfiguring Clover repository for simplier unshallowing" # echo_stamp "Reconfiguring Clover repository for simplier unshallowing"
cd /home/pi/catkin_ws/src/clover cd /home/pi/catkin_ws/src/clover
git config remote.origin.fetch "+refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/origin/*" git config remote.origin.fetch "+refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/origin/*"
# This is sort of a hack to force "custom" packages to be installed - the ones built by COEX, linked against OpenCV 4.2 # This is sort of a hack to force "custom" packages to be installed - the ones built by COEX, linked against OpenCV 4.2
# I **wish** OpenCV would not be such a mess, but, well, here we are. # I **wish** OpenCV would not be such a mess, but, well, here we are.
echo "--- Installing OpenCV 4.2-compatible ROS packages" echo_stamp "Installing OpenCV 4.2-compatible ROS packages"
apt install -y --no-install-recommends \ apt install -y --no-install-recommends \
ros-${ROS_DISTRO}-compressed-image-transport=1.14.0-0buster \ ros-${ROS_DISTRO}-compressed-image-transport=1.14.0-0buster \
ros-${ROS_DISTRO}-cv-bridge=1.15.0-0buster \ ros-${ROS_DISTRO}-cv-bridge=1.15.0-0buster \
@@ -74,10 +100,10 @@ ros-${ROS_DISTRO}-cv-camera \
ros-${ROS_DISTRO}-image-publisher \ ros-${ROS_DISTRO}-image-publisher \
ros-${ROS_DISTRO}-web-video-server ros-${ROS_DISTRO}-web-video-server
echo "--- Installing libboost-dev" # https://travis-ci.org/github/CopterExpress/clover/jobs/766318908#L6536 echo_stamp "Installing libboost-dev" # https://travis-ci.org/github/CopterExpress/clover/jobs/766318908#L6536
my_travis_retry apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends libboost-dev libboost-all-dev my_travis_retry apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends libboost-dev libboost-all-dev
echo "--- Build and install Clover" echo_stamp "Build and install Clover"
cd /home/pi/catkin_ws cd /home/pi/catkin_ws
# Don't try to install gazebo_ros # Don't try to install gazebo_ros
my_travis_retry rosdep install -y --from-paths src --ignore-src --rosdistro ${ROS_DISTRO} --os=debian:buster \ my_travis_retry rosdep install -y --from-paths src --ignore-src --rosdistro ${ROS_DISTRO} --os=debian:buster \
@@ -89,12 +115,12 @@ source /opt/ros/${ROS_DISTRO}/setup.bash
catkin_make -j2 -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=RelWithDebInfo catkin_make -j2 -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=RelWithDebInfo
source devel/setup.bash source devel/setup.bash
echo "--- Install clever package (for backwards compatibility)" echo_stamp "Install clever package (for backwards compatibility)"
cd /home/pi/catkin_ws/src/clover/builder/assets/clever cd /home/pi/catkin_ws/src/clover/builder/assets/clever
./setup.py install ./setup.py install
rm -rf build # remove build artifacts rm -rf build # remove build artifacts
echo "--- Build Clover documentation" echo_stamp "Build Clover documentation"
cd /home/pi/catkin_ws/src/clover cd /home/pi/catkin_ws/src/clover
builder/assets/install_gitbook.sh builder/assets/install_gitbook.sh
gitbook install gitbook install
@@ -103,8 +129,9 @@ gitbook build
rm -rf _book/assets && ln -s ../docs/assets _book/assets rm -rf _book/assets && ln -s ../docs/assets _book/assets
touch node_modules/CATKIN_IGNORE docs/CATKIN_IGNORE _book/CATKIN_IGNORE clover/www/CATKIN_IGNORE apps/CATKIN_IGNORE # ignore documentation files by catkin touch node_modules/CATKIN_IGNORE docs/CATKIN_IGNORE _book/CATKIN_IGNORE clover/www/CATKIN_IGNORE apps/CATKIN_IGNORE # ignore documentation files by catkin
echo "--- Installing additional ROS packages" echo_stamp "Installing additional ROS packages"
my_travis_retry apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \ my_travis_retry apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
ros-${ROS_DISTRO}-dynamic-reconfigure \
ros-${ROS_DISTRO}-rosbridge-suite \ ros-${ROS_DISTRO}-rosbridge-suite \
ros-${ROS_DISTRO}-rosserial \ ros-${ROS_DISTRO}-rosserial \
ros-${ROS_DISTRO}-usb-cam \ ros-${ROS_DISTRO}-usb-cam \
@@ -113,39 +140,40 @@ my_travis_retry apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
ros-${ROS_DISTRO}-rosshow \ ros-${ROS_DISTRO}-rosshow \
ros-${ROS_DISTRO}-cmake-modules \ ros-${ROS_DISTRO}-cmake-modules \
ros-${ROS_DISTRO}-image-view \ ros-${ROS_DISTRO}-image-view \
ros-${ROS_DISTRO}-image-geometry \
ros-${ROS_DISTRO}-nodelet-topic-tools \ ros-${ROS_DISTRO}-nodelet-topic-tools \
ros-${ROS_DISTRO}-stereo-msgs ros-${ROS_DISTRO}-stereo-msgs
# TODO move GeographicLib datasets to Mavros debian package # TODO move GeographicLib datasets to Mavros debian package
echo "--- Install GeographicLib datasets (needed for mavros)" \ echo_stamp "Install GeographicLib datasets (needed for mavros)" \
&& wget -qO- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mavlink/mavros/master/mavros/scripts/install_geographiclib_datasets.sh | bash && wget -qO- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mavlink/mavros/master/mavros/scripts/install_geographiclib_datasets.sh | bash
echo "--- Running tests" echo_stamp "Running tests"
cd /home/pi/catkin_ws cd /home/pi/catkin_ws
# FIXME: Investigate failing tests # FIXME: Investigate failing tests
catkin_make run_tests #&& catkin_test_results catkin_make run_tests #&& catkin_test_results
echo "--- Change permissions for catkin_ws" echo_stamp "Change permissions for catkin_ws"
chown -Rf pi:pi /home/pi/catkin_ws chown -Rf pi:pi /home/pi/catkin_ws
echo "--- Update www" echo_stamp "Update www"
sudo -u pi sh -c ". devel/setup.sh && rosrun clover www" sudo -u pi sh -c ". devel/setup.sh && rosrun clover www"
echo "--- Make \$HOME/examples symlink" echo_stamp "Make \$HOME/examples symlink"
ln -s "$(catkin_find clover examples --first-only)" /home/pi ln -s "$(catkin_find clover examples --first-only)" /home/pi
chown -Rf pi:pi /home/pi/examples chown -Rf pi:pi /home/pi/examples
echo "--- Make systemd services symlinks" echo_stamp "Make systemd services symlinks"
ln -s /home/pi/catkin_ws/src/clover/builder/assets/clover.service /lib/systemd/system/ ln -s /home/pi/catkin_ws/src/clover/builder/assets/clover.service /lib/systemd/system/
ln -s /home/pi/catkin_ws/src/clover/builder/assets/roscore.service /lib/systemd/system/ ln -s /home/pi/catkin_ws/src/clover/builder/assets/roscore.service /lib/systemd/system/
# validate # validate
[ -f /lib/systemd/system/clover.service ] [ -f /lib/systemd/system/clover.service ]
[ -f /lib/systemd/system/roscore.service ] [ -f /lib/systemd/system/roscore.service ]
echo "--- Make udev rules symlink" echo_stamp "Make udev rules symlink"
ln -s "$(catkin_find clover udev --first-only)"/* /lib/udev/rules.d/ ln -s "$(catkin_find clover udev --first-only)"/* /lib/udev/rules.d/
echo "--- Setup ROS environment" echo_stamp "Setup ROS environment"
cat << EOF >> /home/pi/.bashrc cat << EOF >> /home/pi/.bashrc
LANG='C.UTF-8' LANG='C.UTF-8'
LC_ALL='C.UTF-8' LC_ALL='C.UTF-8'
@@ -154,5 +182,12 @@ source /opt/ros/${ROS_DISTRO}/setup.bash
source /home/pi/catkin_ws/devel/setup.bash source /home/pi/catkin_ws/devel/setup.bash
EOF EOF
echo "--- Clean apt cache" #echo_stamp "Removing local apt mirror"
# Restore original sources.list
#mv /var/sources.list.bak /etc/apt/sources.list
# Clean apt cache
apt-get clean -qq > /dev/null apt-get clean -qq > /dev/null
# Remove local mirror repository key
#apt-key del COEX-MIRROR
echo_stamp "END of ROS INSTALLATION"

View File

@@ -12,7 +12,27 @@
# copies or substantial portions of the Software. # copies or substantial portions of the Software.
# #
set -ex # exit on error, echo commands set -e # Exit immidiately on non-zero result
echo_stamp() {
# TEMPLATE: echo_stamp <TEXT> <TYPE>
# TYPE: SUCCESS, ERROR, INFO
# More info there https://www.shellhacks.com/ru/bash-colors/
TEXT="$(date '+[%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S]') $1"
TEXT="\e[1m${TEXT}\e[0m" # BOLD
case "$2" in
SUCCESS)
TEXT="\e[32m${TEXT}\e[0m";; # GREEN
ERROR)
TEXT="\e[31m${TEXT}\e[0m";; # RED
*)
TEXT="\e[34m${TEXT}\e[0m";; # BLUE
esac
echo -e ${TEXT}
}
# https://gist.github.com/letmaik/caa0f6cc4375cbfcc1ff26bd4530c2a3 # https://gist.github.com/letmaik/caa0f6cc4375cbfcc1ff26bd4530c2a3
# https://github.com/travis-ci/travis-build/blob/master/lib/travis/build/templates/header.sh # https://github.com/travis-ci/travis-build/blob/master/lib/travis/build/templates/header.sh
@@ -37,10 +57,11 @@ my_travis_retry() {
return $result return $result
} }
echo "--- Increase apt retries" echo_stamp "Increase apt retries"
echo "APT::Acquire::Retries \"3\";" > /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/80-retries echo "APT::Acquire::Retries \"3\";" > /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/80-retries
echo "--- Install apt keys & repos" echo_stamp "Install apt keys & repos"
# TODO: This STDOUT consist 'OK' # TODO: This STDOUT consist 'OK'
apt-get update \ apt-get update \
@@ -49,17 +70,17 @@ apt-get update \
echo "deb http://packages.ros.org/ros/ubuntu buster main" > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ros-latest.list echo "deb http://packages.ros.org/ros/ubuntu buster main" > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ros-latest.list
wget -O - 'http://packages.coex.tech/key.asc' | apt-key add - wget -O - 'http://packages.coex.tech/key.asc' | apt-key add -
echo 'deb http://packages.coex.tech buster main' >> /etc/apt/sources.list echo 'deb http://packages.coex.tech buster main' >> /etc/apt/sources.list
echo "--- Update apt cache" echo_stamp "Update apt cache"
# TODO: FIX ERROR: /usr/bin/apt-key: 596: /usr/bin/apt-key: cannot create /dev/null: Permission denied # TODO: FIX ERROR: /usr/bin/apt-key: 596: /usr/bin/apt-key: cannot create /dev/null: Permission denied
apt-get update apt-get update
# && apt upgrade -y # && apt upgrade -y
# Let's retry fetching those packages several times, just in case # Let's retry fetching those packages several times, just in case
echo "--- Install software" echo_stamp "Software installing"
my_travis_retry apt-get install --no-install-recommends -y cmake-data=3.13.4-1 cmake=3.13.4-1 # FIXME: using older CMake due to https://travis-ci.org/github/CopterExpress/clover/jobs/764367665#L6984 my_travis_retry apt-get install --no-install-recommends -y cmake-data=3.13.4-1 cmake=3.13.4-1 # FIXME: using older CMake due to https://travis-ci.org/github/CopterExpress/clover/jobs/764367665#L6984
my_travis_retry apt-get install --no-install-recommends -y \ my_travis_retry apt-get install --no-install-recommends -y \
unzip \ unzip \
@@ -100,7 +121,7 @@ python3-opencv
sed -i "s/updates_available//" /usr/share/byobu/status/status sed -i "s/updates_available//" /usr/share/byobu/status/status
# sed -i "s/updates_available//" /home/pi/.byobu/status # sed -i "s/updates_available//" /home/pi/.byobu/status
echo "--- Installing pip" echo_stamp "Installing pip"
curl https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py -o get-pip.py curl https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py -o get-pip.py
curl https://bootstrap.pypa.io/pip/2.7/get-pip.py -o get-pip2.py curl https://bootstrap.pypa.io/pip/2.7/get-pip.py -o get-pip2.py
python3 get-pip.py python3 get-pip.py
@@ -109,12 +130,12 @@ rm get-pip.py get-pip2.py
#my_travis_retry pip install --upgrade pip #my_travis_retry pip install --upgrade pip
#my_travis_retry pip3 install --upgrade pip #my_travis_retry pip3 install --upgrade pip
echo "--- Make sure both pip and pip3 are installed" echo_stamp "Make sure both pip and pip3 are installed"
pip --version pip --version
pip3 --version pip3 --version
echo "--- Install and enable Butterfly (web terminal)" echo_stamp "Install and enable Butterfly (web terminal)"
echo "Workaround for tornado >= 6.0 breaking butterfly" echo_stamp "Workaround for tornado >= 6.0 breaking butterfly"
export CRYPTOGRAPHY_DONT_BUILD_RUST=1 export CRYPTOGRAPHY_DONT_BUILD_RUST=1
my_travis_retry pip3 install cryptography==3.4.6 # https://stackoverflow.com/a/68472128/6850197 my_travis_retry pip3 install cryptography==3.4.6 # https://stackoverflow.com/a/68472128/6850197
my_travis_retry pip3 install pyOpenSSL==20.0.1 my_travis_retry pip3 install pyOpenSSL==20.0.1
@@ -123,16 +144,16 @@ my_travis_retry pip3 install butterfly
my_travis_retry pip3 install butterfly[systemd] my_travis_retry pip3 install butterfly[systemd]
systemctl enable butterfly.socket systemctl enable butterfly.socket
echo "--- Install ws281x library" echo_stamp "Install ws281x library"
my_travis_retry pip3 install --prefer-binary rpi_ws281x my_travis_retry pip3 install --prefer-binary rpi_ws281x
echo "--- Setup Monkey" echo_stamp "Setup Monkey"
mv /etc/monkey/sites/default /etc/monkey/sites/default.orig mv /etc/monkey/sites/default /etc/monkey/sites/default.orig
mv /root/monkey /etc/monkey/sites/default mv /root/monkey /etc/monkey/sites/default
sed -i 's/SymLink Off/SymLink On/' /etc/monkey/monkey.conf sed -i 's/SymLink Off/SymLink On/' /etc/monkey/monkey.conf
systemctl enable monkey.service systemctl enable monkey.service
echo "--- Install Node.js" echo_stamp "Install Node.js"
cd /home/pi cd /home/pi
wget --no-verbose https://nodejs.org/dist/v10.15.0/node-v10.15.0-linux-armv6l.tar.gz wget --no-verbose https://nodejs.org/dist/v10.15.0/node-v10.15.0-linux-armv6l.tar.gz
tar -xzf node-v10.15.0-linux-armv6l.tar.gz tar -xzf node-v10.15.0-linux-armv6l.tar.gz
@@ -140,26 +161,31 @@ cp -R node-v10.15.0-linux-armv6l/* /usr/local/
rm -rf node-v10.15.0-linux-armv6l/ rm -rf node-v10.15.0-linux-armv6l/
rm node-v10.15.0-linux-armv6l.tar.gz rm node-v10.15.0-linux-armv6l.tar.gz
echo "--- Installing ptvsd" echo_stamp "Installing ptvsd"
my_travis_retry pip install ptvsd my_travis_retry pip install ptvsd
my_travis_retry pip3 install ptvsd my_travis_retry pip3 install ptvsd
echo "--- Installing pyzbar" echo_stamp "Installing pyzbar"
my_travis_retry pip install pyzbar my_travis_retry pip install pyzbar
my_travis_retry pip3 install pyzbar my_travis_retry pip3 install pyzbar
echo "--- Add .vimrc" echo_stamp "Installing rtui"
my_travis_retry pip3 install rtui-app
echo_stamp "Add .vimrc"
cat << EOF > /home/pi/.vimrc cat << EOF > /home/pi/.vimrc
set mouse-=a set mouse-=a
syntax on syntax on
autocmd BufNewFile,BufRead *.launch set syntax=xml autocmd BufNewFile,BufRead *.launch set syntax=xml
EOF EOF
echo "--- Change default keyboard layout to US" echo_stamp "Change default keyboard layout to US"
sed -i 's/XKBLAYOUT="gb"/XKBLAYOUT="us"/g' /etc/default/keyboard sed -i 's/XKBLAYOUT="gb"/XKBLAYOUT="us"/g' /etc/default/keyboard
echo "--- Attempting to kill dirmngr" echo_stamp "Attempting to kill dirmngr"
gpgconf --kill dirmngr gpgconf --kill dirmngr
# dirmngr is only used by apt-key, so we can safely kill it. # dirmngr is only used by apt-key, so we can safely kill it.
# We ignore pkill's exit value as well. # We ignore pkill's exit value as well.
pkill -9 -f dirmngr || true pkill -9 -f dirmngr || true
echo_stamp "End of software installation"

View File

@@ -12,10 +12,9 @@
# copies or substantial portions of the Software. # copies or substantial portions of the Software.
# #
set -ex # exit on error, echo commands set -ex
echo "Run image tests"
echo "--- Run image tests"
export ROS_DISTRO='noetic' export ROS_DISTRO='noetic'
export ROS_IP='127.0.0.1' export ROS_IP='127.0.0.1'
@@ -36,9 +35,9 @@ systemctl stop roscore
apt-cache show gst-rtsp-launch apt-cache show gst-rtsp-launch
apt-cache show openvpn apt-cache show openvpn
echo "--- Move /etc/ld.so.preload back to its original position" echo "Move /etc/ld.so.preload back to its original position"
mv /etc/ld.so.preload.disabled-for-build /etc/ld.so.preload mv /etc/ld.so.preload.disabled-for-build /etc/ld.so.preload
echo "--- Largest packages installed" echo "Largest packages installed"
sudo -E sh -c 'apt-get install -y debian-goodies' sudo -E sh -c 'apt-get install -y debian-goodies'
dpigs -H -n 100 dpigs -H -n 100

View File

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
#!/usr/bin/env bash #!/usr/bin/env bash
set -ex # exit on error, echo commands set -ex
# TODO: validate versions # TODO: validate versions

View File

@@ -30,8 +30,6 @@ find_package(catkin REQUIRED COMPONENTS
list(APPEND CMAKE_MODULE_PATH "${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR}/cmake") list(APPEND CMAKE_MODULE_PATH "${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR}/cmake")
# https://github.com/mavlink/mavros/blob/7f1a8/mavros/CMakeLists.txt#L42
set(CMAKE_MODULE_PATH "${CMAKE_MODULE_PATH};/usr/share/cmake/geographiclib")
find_package(GeographicLib REQUIRED) find_package(GeographicLib REQUIRED)
# Workaround for OpenCV 3/4 support # Workaround for OpenCV 3/4 support

View File

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
# taken from: https://github.com/mavlink/mavros/blob/master/libmavconn/cmake/Modules/FindGeographicLib.cmake
# Look for GeographicLib
#
# Set
# GEOGRAPHICLIB_FOUND = TRUE
# GeographicLib_INCLUDE_DIRS = /usr/local/include
# GeographicLib_LIBRARIES = /usr/local/lib/libGeographic.so
# GeographicLib_LIBRARY_DIRS = /usr/local/lib
find_path (GeographicLib_INCLUDE_DIRS NAMES GeographicLib/Config.h)
find_library (GeographicLib_LIBRARIES NAMES Geographic)
include (FindPackageHandleStandardArgs)
find_package_handle_standard_args (GeographicLib DEFAULT_MSG
GeographicLib_LIBRARIES GeographicLib_INCLUDE_DIRS)
mark_as_advanced (GeographicLib_LIBRARIES GeographicLib_INCLUDE_DIRS)

View File

@@ -16,7 +16,6 @@
<remap from="image_raw" to="main_camera/image_raw"/> <remap from="image_raw" to="main_camera/image_raw"/>
<remap from="camera_info" to="main_camera/camera_info"/> <remap from="camera_info" to="main_camera/camera_info"/>
<remap from="map_markers" to="aruco_map/map"/> <remap from="map_markers" to="aruco_map/map"/>
<param name="dictionary" value="2"/> <!-- DICT_4X4_250 -->
<param name="estimate_poses" value="true"/> <param name="estimate_poses" value="true"/>
<param name="send_tf" value="true"/> <param name="send_tf" value="true"/>
<param name="use_map_markers" value="true"/> <param name="use_map_markers" value="true"/>

View File

@@ -43,7 +43,6 @@
<depend condition="$ROS_PYTHON_VERSION == 3">python3-lxml</depend> <depend condition="$ROS_PYTHON_VERSION == 3">python3-lxml</depend>
<depend>dynamic_reconfigure</depend> <depend>dynamic_reconfigure</depend>
<depend>image_proc</depend> <depend>image_proc</depend>
<depend>image_geometry</depend>
<exec_depend>python-pymavlink</exec_depend> <exec_depend>python-pymavlink</exec_depend>
<test_depend>ros_pytest</test_depend> <test_depend>ros_pytest</test_depend>

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@@ -57,7 +57,6 @@
* [COEX Pix](coex_pix.md) * [COEX Pix](coex_pix.md)
* [COEX PDB](coex_pdb.md) * [COEX PDB](coex_pdb.md)
* [COEX GPS](coex_gps.md) * [COEX GPS](coex_gps.md)
* [Using SSH keys](ssh_keys.md)
* [Guide on autonomous flight](auto_setup.md) * [Guide on autonomous flight](auto_setup.md)
* [Hostname](hostname.md) * [Hostname](hostname.md)
* [PX4 Simulation](sitl.md) * [PX4 Simulation](sitl.md)

View File

@@ -30,16 +30,6 @@ Print path to the current directory:
pwd pwd
``` ```
Go to the user's home directory:
```bash
# all three commands are equivalent, where the tilde character (~) is an abbreviated
# path entry to the home directory, and the $HOME variable stores this path
cd
cd ~
cd $HOME
```
Print contents of the `file.py` file: Print contents of the `file.py` file:
```bash ```bash

View File

@@ -6,59 +6,37 @@ In order to program [autonomous flights](simple_offboard.md), [work with Pixhawk
USB connection is the preferred way to connect to the flight controller. USB connection is the preferred way to connect to the flight controller.
<img src="../assets/assembling_clever4/usb_connection_1.png" alt="USB connection" height=400 class="zoom border center">
1. Connect your FCU to the Raspberry Pi using a microUSB to USB cable. 1. Connect your FCU to the Raspberry Pi using a microUSB to USB cable.
2. [Connect to the Raspberry Pi over SSH](ssh.md). 2. [Connect to the Raspberry Pi over SSH](ssh.md).
3. Make sure that the connection is working properly by [running the following command on the Raspberry Pi](cli.md): 3. Make sure the connection is working by [running the following command on the Raspberry Pi](ssh.md):
```bash ```bash
rostopic echo /mavros/state rostopic echo /mavros/state
``` ```
The `connected` field should have the `True` value. The `connected` field should have the `True` value.s
> **Hint** You need to set the `CBRK_USB_CHK` [parameter](parameters.md) to 197848 for the USB connection to work. > **Hint** You need to set the `CBRK_USB_CHK` [parameter](parameters.md) to 197848 for the USB connection to work.
## UART connection ## UART connection
<!-- TODO: Connection scheme -->
UART connection is another way for the Raspberry Pi and FCU to communicate. UART connection is another way for the Raspberry Pi and FCU to communicate.
<img src="../assets/raspberry-uart-telemetry2.png" alt="UART connection via TELEM2" height=400 class="zoom border center">
If the pin marked GND is occupied, you can use any other ground pin (look at the [pinout](https://pinout.xyz) for reference).
1. Connect the TELEM 2 port on the flight controller using a UART cable to the Raspberry Pi pins following this instruction: the black cable (*GND*) to Ground, the green cable (*UART_RX*) to *GPIO14*, the yellow cable (*UART_TX*) to *GPIO15*. Do not connect the red cable (*5V*). 1. Connect the TELEM 2 port on the flight controller using a UART cable to the Raspberry Pi pins following this instruction: the black cable (*GND*) to Ground, the green cable (*UART_RX*) to *GPIO14*, the yellow cable (*UART_TX*) to *GPIO15*. Do not connect the red cable (*5V*).
2. In PX4 of version v1.9.0 or higher, set parameter values: `MAV_1_CONFIG` to TELEM 2, `SER_TEL2_BAUND` to 921600 8N1. In PX4 of version [prior to v1.9.0](https://github.com/mavlink/qgroundcontrol/issues/6905#issuecomment-464549610) the parameter `SYS_COMPANION` should be set to `Companion Link (921600 baud, 8N1)`, to set it correctly use the old version of QGC [v3.3.1](https://github.com/mavlink/qgroundcontrol/releases/tag/v3.3.1). 2. Set the PX4 parameters: `MAV_1_CONFIG` to TELEM 2, `SER_TEL2_BAUND` to 921600 8N1. In PX4 of version prior to v1.10.0 the parameter `SYS_COMPANION` should be set to 921600.
3. [Connect to the Raspberry Pi over SSH](ssh.md). 3. [Connect to the Raspberry Pi over SSH](ssh.md).
4. Check the presence of the parameters `enable_uart=1` and `dtoverlay=pi 3-disable-bt` in the file `/boot/config.txt` by [running the following command on the Raspberry Pi](cli.md): 4. Change the connection type in `~/catkin_ws/src/clover/clover/launch/clover.launch` to UART:
```bash
cat /boot/config.txt | grep -E "^enable_uart=.|^dtoverlay=pi3-disable-bt"
```
If the parameters in the file are different or missing, then edit the file and restart the Raspberry Pi.
5. Change the connection type from `usb` to `uart` in the Clover' launch file `~/catkin_ws/src/clover/clover/launch/clover.launch`:
```xml ```xml
<arg name="fcu_conn" default="uart"/> <arg name="fcu_conn" default="uart"/>
``` ```
If you change the launch file, you need to restart the `clover' service: Be sure to restart the `clover` service after editing the .launch file:
```bash ```bash
sudo systemctl restart clover sudo systemctl restart clover
``` ```
6. Make sure that the connection is working properly by running the following command:
```bash
rostopic echo -n1 /mavros/state
```
The `connected` field should have the `True` value.
Read more in the PX4 docs: https://docs.px4.io/main/en/peripherals/serial_configuration.html.
**Next**: [Using QGroundControl over Wi-Fi](gcs_bridge.md) **Next**: [Using QGroundControl over Wi-Fi](gcs_bridge.md)

View File

@@ -17,8 +17,6 @@ It is advisable to use a specialized build of PX4 with the necessary fixes and b
</ul> </ul>
</div> </div>
> **Warning** If you are using the firmware version older than *v1.10* (for example, `v1.8.2-clover.13`), then in order to avoid configuration errors, use [QGroundControl version *v4.2.0*](https://github.com/mavlink/qgroundcontrol/releases/tag/v4.2.0) (or older). See [detailed information](https://docs.px4.io/v1.11/en/config/battery.html#parameter-migration-notes) about changes in the firmware parameters that cause errors in newer versions of QGroundControl.
<script type="text/javascript"> <script type="text/javascript">
// get latest release from GitHub // get latest release from GitHub
fetch('https://api.github.com/repos/CopterExpress/Firmware/releases').then(function(res) { fetch('https://api.github.com/repos/CopterExpress/Firmware/releases').then(function(res) {

View File

@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ Connect your receiver to the RC IN port on your flight controller:
</div> </div>
> **Hint** Double check that you're using the RC IN port on the COEX Pix: > **Hint** Double check that you're using the RC IN port on the COEX Pix:
<img src="../assets/coex_pix/coexpix-bottom.jpg" width=300 class="zoom border center" alt="coex pix pinout"> <img src="../assets/coexpix-bottom.jpg" width=300 class="zoom border center" alt="coex pix pinout">
## Binding your transmitter {#rc_bind} ## Binding your transmitter {#rc_bind}

View File

@@ -488,23 +488,3 @@ Check, if the code is running inside a [Gazebo simulation](simulation.md):
```python ```python
is_simulation = rospy.get_param('/use_sim_time', False) is_simulation = rospy.get_param('/use_sim_time', False)
``` ```
### # {#simulator-interaction}
You can move a physical object (link) in Gazebo (as well as change its velocity) using the `gazebo/set_link_state` service (of the type [`SetLinkState`](http://docs.ros.org/en/api/gazebo_msgs/html/srv/SetLinkState.html)). For example, if you add a cube to the world (link `unit_box::link`), you can move it to the point (1, 2, 3):
```python
import rospy
from geometry_msgs.msg import Point, Pose, Quaternion
from gazebo_msgs.srv import SetLinkState
from gazebo_msgs.msg import LinkState
rospy.init_node('flight')
set_link_state = rospy.ServiceProxy('gazebo/set_link_state', SetLinkState)
# Change link's position
set_link_state(LinkState(link_name='unit_box::link', pose=Pose(position=Point(1, 2, 3), orientation=Quaternion(0, 0, 0, 1))))
```
> **Info** Simple object animation in Gazebo can be implemented [using actors](http://classic.gazebosim.org/tutorials?tut=actor&cat=build_robot).

View File

@@ -13,9 +13,9 @@ ssh pi@192.168.11.1
Password: `raspberry`. Password: `raspberry`.
For SSH access from Windows, you may use [PuTTY](https://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~sgtatham/putty/latest.html). You can also gain SSH access from your smartphone using the [Termius](https://www.termius.com) app. For SSH access from Windows, you may use [PuTTY](https://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~sgtatham/putty/latest.html).
> **Hint** To avoid entering the password each time you connect via SSH, see [the article on using SSH keys](ssh_keys.md). You can also gain SSH access from your smart-phone using the [Termius](https://www.termius.com) app.
Read more: https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/remote-access/ssh/README.md Read more: https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/remote-access/ssh/README.md

View File

@@ -1,180 +0,0 @@
# Connecting to Raspberry Pi using SSH keys
*This instruction will allow you to quickly connect to the Raspberry Pi. In just one second. Without entering a password.*
Basic information on working with SSH can be found in the section [SSH access to Raspberry Pi](ssh.md). In this section you will find advanced information on using SSH, as well as a number of recommendations on using SSH when working with Clover.
## General information
SSH (*secure shell*) is a network protocol that allows you to remotely control the operating system on the computer you are connected to. It is similar to a protocol such as *telnet*, but allows you to encrypt network traffic during interaction. Thus, the transfer of passwords and other secret information is hidden. The Raspberry Pi operating system supports SSH communication, like many other common Linux-based systems.
SSH allows you not only to organize work in the command shell, but also to transfer files, as well as tunnel transmitted data from other protocols, such as information from a video camera or telemetry. In addition, SSH supports several authentication modes (that is, verification of the connecting user), with its help it is possible to connect to the Clover not only using a password, but also password-free access (authentication by a key pair, i.e. SSH keys).
## Password authentication
Authentication [by password](ssh.md) on the image of RPi for Clover is enabled by default and the password can be used to enter into the command shell of the minicomputer. On computers with Linux operating systems (and primarily on servers connected to the Internet), the ability to login with a password is usually disabled, since there is a more secure authentication method.
> **Hint** It is not recommended to disable logging into Clover by password, since you can completely lose access to the command shell over the network.
When connecting to RPi for the first time, you will see the notification with a suggestion to save a unique *fingerprint*. The stored information is accumulated on computers from which SSH login to RPi is performed, and is checked for sudden substitution.
On Linux and Unix (Mac OS) the first SSH-connection to the RPi looks like this:
```bash
ssh pi@192.168.11.1
# The authenticity of host '192.168.11.1 (192.168.11.1)' can't be established.
# ED25519 key fingerprint is SHA256:4w/7MqTgrtsqPwKnVAMISpouaOJNqzUew2NkJjldMWI.
# This key is not known by any other names
# Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no/[fingerprint])? yes
# Warning: Permanently added '192.168.11.1' (ED25519) to the list of known hosts.
# pi@192.168.11.1's password: *********
# Linux clover-3270 5.10.17-v7l+ #1414 SMP Fri Apr 30 13:20:47 BST 2021 armv7l
whoami
# pi
exit
```
In graphical programs in Windows, you will periodically see window with similar warnings.
<img src="../assets/ssh-keys-known_hosts-fingerprint.png" alt="Сохранение отпечатка в Windows" class="border center">
> **Hint** Windows 10 has a built-in SSH client that can be run from the command line, see the Microsoft usage guide [at this link](https://learn.microsoft.com/ru-ru/windows-server/administration/openssh/openssh_install_firstuse).
## Authentication using SSH keys
SSH keys are a convenient, fast alternative way to connect to the Raspberry Pi, which does not require entering a password. In particular, when operating with Clover, this method is convenient because it saves time, and therefore battery power, and the time limit allocated for events in flight zones. In addition, using SSH keys opens up opportunities for convenient use of other programs that you would hardly use if you needed to type a password every time.
The SSH key is divided into two parts: the pair consists of a so-called *private* and *public* key. The key is generated once. One part of the key (open) is transferred once to the remote computer to which the connection will be made, the second part of the key (private) is stored on the computer that will connect, the private part of the key is not transferred anywhere.
> **Hint** The public key is copied once to the Raspberry Pi, and the private key is stored in the laptop as a file.
### Preparation
In order for a key pair to appear, it must be generated. In Linux and Unix (Mac OS), there is a program `ssh-keygen` with which we will get the key pair we need (**attention!** commands are executed not in Raspberry Pi, and not in the virtual machine of the Gazebo simulator, but in the command shell of the laptop from which you will connect to the Clover):
Before using the keys, you need to perform a number of actions to configure access rights *on the laptop*:
```bash
# one-time setting of access rights to user directories
chmod o-rwx $HOME
mkdir ~/.ssh
chmod g-rwx,o-rwx ~/.ssh
touch ~/.ssh/config ~/.ssh/known_hosts
chmod 600 ~/.ssh/config ~/.ssh/known_hosts
```
> **Hint** The `.ssh` directory in the user's home folder is the standard storage location for both key pairs and SSH connection settings, so we prohibit access to it by the Others group (*outsiders*). Modern Linux distributions check access rights to files in the `.ssh` directory and may refuse authentication by key pairs.
### Generating an SSH key pair
Generating a pair of SSH keys in the `~/.ssh` directory on the laptop:
```bash
ssh-keygen -f ~/.ssh/id_clover -C "SSH key for Clover" -N ""
# Your identification has been saved in /home/galina/.ssh/id_clover
# Your public key has been saved in /home/galina/.ssh/id_clover.pub
chmod 400 ~/.ssh/id_clover*
```
### Copying SSH key to Raspberry Pi
After that [connect to Raspberry Pi via WiFi](wi fi.md) and continue to enter commands *on the laptop* to copy the key to the minicomputer:
```bash
ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_clover.pub pi@192.168.11.1
# pi@192.168.11.1's password: *********
```
As a result, the so-called *public* part of the key will be copied from the laptop to the RPi microcomputer, and the *private* part will remain on the laptop. To verify the connection without entering a password, use the command indicating the path where the SSH key is located:
```bash
ssh -i ~/.ssh/id_clover pi@192.168.11.1
```
If the terminal does not require you to enter a password to connect to the RPi, then you did everything correctly and the SSH key pair works. Now you can type the exit command from the SSH terminal to continue configuring the laptop:
```bash
pi@clover-3270:~ $ exit
# logout
# Connection to 192.168.11.1 closed.
galina@Thinkpad-X1:~/.ssh$
```
## Configuring SSH connection to Clover
Now let's set up the SSH terminal in such a way that you don't have to enter the path to the private key every time. This is done by editing the `~/.ssh/config` file *on a laptop*. Open the file in a text editor and add the following lines to the file (if there is already some information there, then put them at the end of the file):
```txt
Host 192.168.11.1
User pi
IdentityFile ~/.ssh/id_clover
PreferredAuthentications publickey,password
PubkeyAuthentication yes
PasswordAuthentication yes
ConnectTimeout 1
TCPKeepAlive yes
ServerAliveInterval 2
ServerAliveCountMax 3
StrictHostKeyChecking no
```
This setting:
* affects the operation of the SSH terminal when connected to a computer with the IP address `192.168.11.1`;
* if the user name is not specified, the name `pi` will be used automatically;
* the private key `~/.ssh/id_clover` will be used automatically;
* if the key does not fit for some reason (it was replaced on one laptop, but forgot to replace it on another), then the SSH terminal will switch to password authentication (settings `PreferredAuthentications`, `PubkeyAuthentication`, `PasswordAuthentication`);
* if communication with RPi cannot be established (WiFi is not yet connected), then the SSH connection will not hang, but will be completed quickly (setting `ConnectTimeout`);
* if the connection with RPi is suddenly severed, the SSH connection will not hang, but will be completed quickly (settings `TCPKeepAlive`, `ServerAliveInterval`, `ServerAliveCountMax`);
* the unique SSH *fingerprints* of the RPi microcomputers mentioned above will no longer be checked (the settings `StrictHostKeyChecking`).
This will solve a lot of inconveniences associated with using SSH connections.
> **Hint** If you have several Raspberry Pi-based drones in your laboratory, and several laptops, then you can **generate SSH keys once**, copy them to all drones and spread them across all laptops, then you can quickly access any of the drones from any laptop.
Now, to connect to RPi from a Linux terminal, you just need to type `ssh 1[TAB][TAB][ENTER]` and the ip address `192.168.11.1` will be automatically updated on the command line, because the command shell uses addresses from the file `~/.ssh/config` and is able to "guess" your intentions to connect to the Clover. By pressing enter, you will instantly find yourself in the RPi terminal.
> **Hint** Graphical programs for Windows that support working with SSH keys, which you can use: [PuTTY](https://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~sgtatham/putty/latest.html) and [MobaXterm](https://mobaxterm.mobatek.net/).
## Copying files using SSH
To copy a file `circle_flight.py` from the laptop to the RPi to the user's home folder `pi`, you can also use SSH. To do this, type the command in the command shell:
```bash
# first we specify 'what' we copy, and then 'where'
scp circle_flight.py 192.168.11.1
```
To copy `output.avi` file from the `examples` RPi' folder to the laptop, use a similar command:
```bash
# after the ':' character (colon), you can specify the path on the remote computer
# the path specified as './' means the current folder where the file will be copied
scp 192.168.11.1:examples/output.avi ./
```
## Remote command launch via SSH
To run a command at laptop on the RPi (that is, remotely), you can also use SSH.
Raspberry shutdown command:
```bash
ssh 192.168.11.1 'sudo shutdown now'
```
Example of a Python script' startup command:
```bash
ssh -t 192.168.11.1 'ROS_HOSTNAME=`hostname`.local && . /opt/ros/noetic/setup.bash && . /home/pi/catkin_ws/devel/setup.bash && python3 examples/get_telemetry.py'
```
In order to remotely start video recording, you can run the command:
```bash
ssh -t 192.168.11.1 'ROS_HOSTNAME=`hostname`.local && . /opt/ros/noetic/setup.bash && . /home/pi/catkin_ws/devel/setup.bash && rosrun image_view video_recorder image:=/main_camera/image_raw'
```

View File

@@ -58,7 +58,6 @@
* [COEX Pix](coex_pix.md) * [COEX Pix](coex_pix.md)
* [COEX PDB](coex_pdb.md) * [COEX PDB](coex_pdb.md)
* [COEX GPS](coex_gps.md) * [COEX GPS](coex_gps.md)
* [Использование SSH-ключей](ssh_keys.md)
* [Радио-телеметрия](radio_telemetry.md) * [Радио-телеметрия](radio_telemetry.md)
* [Камера Hawk Eye](hawk_eye.md) * [Камера Hawk Eye](hawk_eye.md)
* [Гид по автономному полету](auto_setup.md) * [Гид по автономному полету](auto_setup.md)

View File

@@ -30,16 +30,6 @@ cd ..
pwd pwd
``` ```
Перейти в домашнюю директорию пользователя:
```bash
# все три команды равнозначны, где символ тильда (~) это сокращённая запись пути
# к домашней директории, а переменная $HOME хранит этот путь
cd
cd ~
cd $HOME
```
Вывести содержимое файла `file.py`: Вывести содержимое файла `file.py`:
```bash ```bash

View File

@@ -6,11 +6,9 @@
Основным способом подключения является подключение по интерфейсу USB. Основным способом подключения является подключение по интерфейсу USB.
<img src="../assets/assembling_clever4/usb_connection_1.png" alt="Подключение по USB" height=400 class="zoom border center">
1. Соедините Raspberry Pi и полетный контроллер micro-USB to USB кабелем. 1. Соедините Raspberry Pi и полетный контроллер micro-USB to USB кабелем.
2. [Подключитесь в Raspberry Pi по SSH](ssh.md). 2. [Подключитесь в Raspberry Pi по SSH](ssh.md).
3. Убедитесь в работоспособности подключения, [выполнив команду на Raspberry Pi](cli.md): 3. Убедитесь в работоспособности подключения, [выполнив на Raspberry Pi](ssh.md):
```bash ```bash
rostopic echo /mavros/state rostopic echo /mavros/state
@@ -22,24 +20,14 @@
## Подключение по UART ## Подключение по UART
Дополнительным способом подключения является подключение по интерфейсу UART. <!-- TODO схема подключения -->
<img src="../assets/raspberry-uart-telemetry2.png" alt="Подключение UART через TELEM2" height=400 class="zoom border center"> Дополнительным способом подключения является подключение подключение по интерфейсу UART.
Если обозначенный пин GND занят, можно использовать другой свободный, используя [распиновку](https://pinout.xyz).
1. Подключите Raspberry Pi к полетному контроллеру по UART. Для этого соедините кабелем порт TELEM 2 на полетном контроллере к пинам на Raspberry Pi следующем образом: черный провод (GND) к Ground, зеленый (*UART_RX*) к *GPIO14*, желтый (*UART_TX*) к *GPIO15*. Красный провод (*5V*) подключать не нужно. 1. Подключите Raspberry Pi к полетному контроллеру по UART. Для этого соедините кабелем порт TELEM 2 на полетном контроллере к пинам на Raspberry Pi следующем образом: черный провод (GND) к Ground, зеленый (*UART_RX*) к *GPIO14*, желтый (*UART_TX*) к *GPIO15*. Красный провод (*5V*) подключать не нужно.
2. В PX4 версии v1.9.0 и выше измените значения параметров PX4: `MAV_1_CONFIG` на TELEM 2, `SER_TEL2_BAUND` на 921600 8N1. В PX4 [до версии v1.9.0](https://github.com/mavlink/qgroundcontrol/issues/6905#issuecomment-464549610) необходима установка параметра `SYS_COMPANION` в значение `Companion Link (921600 baud, 8N1)`, для его корректной установки используйте старую версию QGC [v3.3.1](https://github.com/mavlink/qgroundcontrol/releases/tag/v3.3.1). 2. Измените значения параметров PX4: `MAV_1_CONFIG` на TELEM 2, `SER_TEL2_BAUND` на 921600 8N1. В PX4 до версии v1.10.0 необходима установка параметра `SYS_COMPANION` в значение 921600.
3. [Подключитесь в Raspberry Pi по SSH](ssh.md). 3. [Подключитесь в Raspberry Pi по SSH](ssh.md).
4. Проверьте наличие параметров `enable_uart=1` и `dtoverlay=pi3-disable-bt` в файле `/boot/config.txt`, [выполнив команду на Raspberry Pi](cli.md): 4. Поменяйте в launch-файле Клевера (`~/catkin_ws/src/clover/clover/launch/clover.launch`) тип подключения на UART:
```bash
cat /boot/config.txt | grep -E "^enable_uart=.|^dtoverlay=pi3-disable-bt"
```
Если параметры в файле отличаются или отсутствуют, то отредактируйте файл и перезагрузите Raspberry Pi.
5. Поменяйте в launch-файле Клевера (`~/catkin_ws/src/clover/clover/launch/clover.launch`) тип подключения с `usb` на `uart`:
```xml ```xml
<arg name="fcu_conn" default="uart"/> <arg name="fcu_conn" default="uart"/>
@@ -51,14 +39,4 @@
sudo systemctl restart clover sudo systemctl restart clover
``` ```
6. Убедитесь в работоспособности подключения:
```bash
rostopic echo -n1 /mavros/state
```
Поле `connected` должно содержать значение `True`.
Дополнительная информация: https://docs.px4.io/main/en/peripherals/serial_configuration.html.
**Далее**: [Подключение QGroundControl по Wi-Fi](gcs_bridge.md). **Далее**: [Подключение QGroundControl по Wi-Fi](gcs_bridge.md).

View File

@@ -17,8 +17,6 @@ Pixhawk, Pixracer и [COEX Pix](coex_pix.md) можно прошить, испо
</ul> </ul>
</div> </div>
> **Warning** Если вы используете прошивку с версией ниже, чем *v1.10* (например `v1.8.2-clover.13`), то во избежание ошибок конфигурирования полётного контроллера, используйте [QGroundControl версии *v4.2.0*](https://github.com/mavlink/qgroundcontrol/releases/tag/v4.2.0) (или ниже). См. [подробную информацию](https://docs.px4.io/v1.11/en/config/battery.html#parameter-migration-notes) об изменениях в параметрах, которые вызывают ошибки в более новых версиях QGroundControl.
<script type="text/javascript"> <script type="text/javascript">
// get latest release from GitHub // get latest release from GitHub
fetch('https://api.github.com/repos/CopterExpress/Firmware/releases').then(function(res) { fetch('https://api.github.com/repos/CopterExpress/Firmware/releases').then(function(res) {

View File

@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@
</div> </div>
> **Hint** Убедитесь, что провод, идущий в COEX Pix, подключен к порту RC IN: > **Hint** Убедитесь, что провод, идущий в COEX Pix, подключен к порту RC IN:
<img src="../assets/coex_pix/coexpix-bottom.jpg" width=300 class="zoom border center" alt="coex pix pinout"> <img src="../assets/coexpix-bottom.jpg" width=300 class="zoom border center" alt="coex pix pinout">
## Сопряжение приёмника с пультом {#rc_bind} ## Сопряжение приёмника с пультом {#rc_bind}

View File

@@ -499,23 +499,3 @@ param_set(param_id='MPC_Z_P', value=ParamValue(real=1.5))
```python ```python
is_simulation = rospy.get_param('/use_sim_time', False) is_simulation = rospy.get_param('/use_sim_time', False)
``` ```
### # {#simulator-interaction}
Переместить физический объект (линк) в Gazebo (а также поменять его скорости) можно при помощи сервиса `gazebo/set_link_state` (тип [`SetLinkState`](http://docs.ros.org/en/api/gazebo_msgs/html/srv/SetLinkState.html)). Например, если добавить в мир объект куб (линк `unit_box::link`), то так можно переместить его в точку (1, 2, 3):
```python
import rospy
from geometry_msgs.msg import Point, Pose, Quaternion
from gazebo_msgs.srv import SetLinkState
from gazebo_msgs.msg import LinkState
rospy.init_node('flight')
set_link_state = rospy.ServiceProxy('gazebo/set_link_state', SetLinkState)
# Переместить линк в Gazebo
set_link_state(LinkState(link_name='unit_box::link', pose=Pose(position=Point(1, 2, 3), orientation=Quaternion(0, 0, 0, 1))))
```
> **Info** Простую анимацию объектов в Gazebo можно реализовать [с помощью акторов](http://classic.gazebosim.org/tutorials?tut=actor&cat=build_robot).

View File

@@ -10,12 +10,10 @@
ssh pi@192.168.11.1 ssh pi@192.168.11.1
``` ```
Пароль: `raspberry`. Пароль: ``raspberry``.
Для доступа по SSH из Windows можно использовать [PuTTY](https://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~sgtatham/putty/latest.html) или веб-доступ (см. далее). Также можно получить доступ по SSH со смартфона с помощью приложения [Termius](https://www.termius.com). Для доступа по SSH из Windows можно использовать [PuTTY](https://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~sgtatham/putty/latest.html) или веб-доступ (см. далее). Также можно получить доступ по SSH со смартфона с помощью приложения [Termius](https://www.termius.com).
> **Hint** Для того, чтобы не вводить пароль при каждом подключении по SSH, см. [статью об использовании SSH-ключей](ssh_keys.md).
Подробнее: https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/remote-access/ssh/README.md. Подробнее: https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/remote-access/ssh/README.md.
## Веб-доступ ## Веб-доступ

View File

@@ -1,184 +0,0 @@
# Подключение к Raspberry Pi с использованием SSH-ключей
*Эта инструкция позволит вам быстро подключаться к Raspberry Pi. Всего за одну секунду. Без ввода пароля.*
Базовые сведения по работе с SSH вы можете найти в разделе [Доступ по SSH к Raspberry Pi](ssh.md). А в этом разделе вы найдёте расширенную информацию по использованию SSH, а также ряд рекомендаций по использованию SSH при работе с Клевером.
## Общая информация
SSH (англ. *secure shell* — "безопасная оболочка") - сетевой протокол, позволяющий удалённо управлять операционной системой на компьютере, к которому вы подключились. Аналогичен такому протоколу, как *telnet*, но позволяет выполнять шифрование сетевого трафика по время взаимодействия. Таким образом передача паролей и другой секретной информации оказываются скрыты. Операционная система Raspberry Pi поддерживает взаимодействие по SSH, как и многие другие распространённые системы на базе Linux.
SSH позволяет не только организовывать работу в командной оболочке, но и передавать файлы, а также туннелировать передаваемые данные других протоколов, например информацию с видеокамеры или телеметрию. Кроме того, SSH поддерживает несколько режимов аутентификации (то есть проверки подключающегося пользователя), с его помощью возможно подключение к Клеверу не только с использованием пароля, но и беспарольный доступ (аутентификация по ключевой паре, т.е. SSH-ключи).
## Аутентификация по паролю
Аутентификация [по паролю](ssh.md) на образе RPi для Клевера включена и пароль может быть использован для входа в командную оболочку мини-компьютера. На ЭВМ с операционными системами Linux (и в первую очередь на серверах, подключенных к интернету) возможность входа по паролю обычно отключают, поскольку есть более безопасный способ аутентификации.
> **Hint** Вход в Клевер по паролю отключать не рекомендуется, поскольку можно совсем утратить доступ к командной оболочке по сети.
При первом подключении к RPi пользователю показывается уведомление с предложением сохранить уникальный отпечаток *fingerprint*. Сохранённая информация накапливается на компьютерах с которых выполняется вход по SSH на RPi, и проверяется на внезапную подмену.
В ОС Linux и Unix (Mac OS) в текстовом SSH-клиенте первое подключение к RPi выглядит таким образом:
```bash
ssh pi@192.168.11.1
# The authenticity of host '192.168.11.1 (192.168.11.1)' can't be established.
# ED25519 key fingerprint is SHA256:4w/7MqTgrtsqPwKnVAMISpouaOJNqzUew2NkJjldMWI.
# This key is not known by any other names
# Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no/[fingerprint])? yes
# Warning: Permanently added '192.168.11.1' (ED25519) to the list of known hosts.
# pi@192.168.11.1's password: *********
# Linux clover-3270 5.10.17-v7l+ #1414 SMP Fri Apr 30 13:20:47 BST 2021 armv7l
whoami
# pi
exit
```
В графических программах в Windows у вас будут периодически возникать окошки с похожими предупреждениями.
<img src="../assets/ssh-keys-known_hosts-fingerprint.png" alt="Сохранение отпечатка в Windows" class="border center">
> **Hint** В Windows 10 появился встроенный SSH-клиент, который можно запускать из командной строки, см. руководство по использованию от Microsoft [по этой ссылке](https://learn.microsoft.com/ru-ru/windows-server/administration/openssh/openssh_install_firstuse).
## Аутентификация с использованием SSH-ключей
SSH-ключи - это удобный, быстрый альтернативный способ подключения к Raspberry Pi, для которого не требуется ввод пароля. В частности, при эксплуатации Клевера такой способ удобен потому, что экономит время, а значит и заряд аккумулятора, и лимит времени отведённого на мероприятия в полётных зонах. Кроме того, использование SSH-ключей открывает возможности по удобному использованию других программ, которыми бы вы вряд-ли воспользовались бы при необходимости всякий раз набирать пароль.
SSH-ключ делится на две части: пара состоит из т.н. *закрытого* и *открытого* ключа. Ключ однократно генерируется. Одна часть ключа (открытая) однократно передаётся на удалённый компьютер к которому будет выполняться подключение, вторая часть ключа (закрытая) хранится на компьютере, который будет подключаться, закрытая часть ключа никуда не передаётся.
> **Hint** Открытый ключ однократно копируется на Raspberry Pi, а закрытый ключ сохраняется в ноутбуке в виде файла.
### Подготовка
Для того, чтобы пара ключей появилась, её необходимо сгенерировать. В ОС Linux и Unix (Mac OS) есть программа `ssh-keygen` с помощью которой мы и получим нужную нам пару ключей (**внимание!** команды выполняются не в Raspberry Pi, и не в виртуальной машине симулятора Gazebo, а в командной оболочке ноутбука с которого вы будете подключаться к Клеверу):
Прежде чем пользоваться ключами, необходимо выполнить ряд действий для настройки прав доступа *на ноутбуке*:
```bash
# однократная настойка прав доступа к пользовательским директориям
chmod o-rwx $HOME
mkdir ~/.ssh
chmod g-rwx,o-rwx ~/.ssh
touch ~/.ssh/config ~/.ssh/known_hosts
chmod 600 ~/.ssh/config ~/.ssh/known_hosts
```
> **Hint** Директория `.ssh` в домашней папке пользователя - это стандартное место хранения и ключевых пар, и настроек подключения с использованием SSH, поэтому доступ к ней запрещаем группе Others (*посторонние*). Современные дистрибутивы Linux проверяют права доступа к файлам в директории `.ssh` и могут отказать в аутентификации по ключевым парам.
### Генерация пары SSH-ключей
Генерируем пару SSH-ключей в директории `~/.ssh` на ноутбуке:
<!-- TODO: в Windows начиная с версии 10 все команды перечисленные статье должны работать, - Проверить! -->
```bash
ssh-keygen -f ~/.ssh/id_clover -C "SSH key for Clover" -N ""
# Your identification has been saved in /home/galina/.ssh/id_clover
# Your public key has been saved in /home/galina/.ssh/id_clover.pub
chmod 400 ~/.ssh/id_clover*
```
### Копирование SSH-ключа на Raspberry Pi
После чего [подключаемся к Raspberry Pi по Wi-Fi](wifi.md) и продолжаем вводить команды *на ноутбуке* для копирования ключа на мини-компьютер:
```bash
ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_clover.pub pi@192.168.11.1
# pi@192.168.11.1's password: *********
```
В результате с ноутбука на микрокомпьютер RPi будет скопирована т.н. *открытая* часть ключа, а *закрытая* останется на ноутбуке. Для проверки подключения без ввода пароля используем команду с указанием пути где находится SSH-ключ:
```bash
ssh -i ~/.ssh/id_clover pi@192.168.11.1
```
Если терминал не потребует ввода пароля для подключения к RPi, то вы всё сделали правильно и пара SSH-ключей работает. Теперь можно набрать команду выхода из SSH-терминала, чтобы продолжить настройку ноутбука:
```bash
pi@clover-3270:~ $ exit
# logout
# Connection to 192.168.11.1 closed.
galina@Thinkpad-X1:~/.ssh$
```
## Настройка SSH-подключения к Клеверу
Теперь давайте настроим SSH-терминал таким образом, чтобы не приходилось всякий раз вписывать путь к закрытому ключу. Это делается с помощью редактирования файла `~/.ssh/config` *на ноутбуке*. Откройте файл в текстовом редакторе и добавьте в файл следующие строки (если там уже есть какая-то информация, то поместите их в конец файла):
```txt
Host 192.168.11.1
User pi
IdentityFile ~/.ssh/id_clover
PreferredAuthentications publickey,password
PubkeyAuthentication yes
PasswordAuthentication yes
ConnectTimeout 1
TCPKeepAlive yes
ServerAliveInterval 2
ServerAliveCountMax 3
StrictHostKeyChecking no
```
Эта настройка:
* влияет на работу SSH-терминала при подключении к компьютеру с ip-адресом `192.168.11.1`;
* если имя пользователя не указано, то автоматически будет использоваться имя `pi`;
* будет автоматически использоваться приватный ключ `~/.ssh/id_clover`;
* если ключ по каким-то причинам не подойдёт (был заменён на одном ноутбуке, но забыт заменить на другом), то SSH-терминал перейдёт к аутентификации по паролю (настройки `PreferredAuthentications`, `PubkeyAuthentication`, `PasswordAuthentication`);
* если связь с RPi не может установиться (WiFi ещё не включился), то SSH-подключение не зависнет, а быстро завершится (настройка `ConnectTimeout`);
* если связь с RPi будет внезапно разорвана, то SSH-подключение не зависнет, а быстро завершится (настройки `TCPKeepAlive`, `ServerAliveInterval`, `ServerAliveCountMax`);
* уникальные SSH-отпечатки RPi-микрокомпьютеров (*fingerprints*) о которых упоминалось выше, проверяться больше не будут (настройка `StrictHostKeyChecking`).
Таким образом будет решено множество неудобств, связанных с использованием SSH-подключений.
> **Hint** Если у вас в лаборатории несколько дронов на базе Raspberry Pi, и несколько ноутбуков, то можно **однократно** сгенерировать SSH-ключи, скопировать их на все дроны и разложить по всем ноутбукам, тогда с любого ноутбука можно будет быстро зайти на любой из дронов.
Теперь, чтобы подключиться к RPi из терминала Linux вам достаточно набрать `ssh 1[TAB][TAB][ENTER]` и ip-адрес `192.168.11.1` автоматически дополнится в командной строке, т.к. командная оболочка использует адреса из файла `~/.ssh/config` и способна "угадать" ваши намерения для подключения к Клеверу. Нажав ввод вы мгновенно окажетесь в терминале RPi.
> **Hint** Графические программы для Windows, которые поддерживают работу с SSH-ключами, которыми вы можете воспользоваться: [PuTTY](https://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~sgtatham/putty/latest.html) и [MobaXterm](https://mobaxterm.mobatek.net/).
## Копирование файлов при помощи SSH
Чтобы скопировать файл `circle_flight.py` с ноутбука на RPi в домашнюю папку пользователя `pi` можно также воспользоваться SSH. Для этого наберите в командной оболочке команду:
```bash
# сначала указываем 'что' копируем, а потом 'куда'
scp circle_flight.py 192.168.11.1
```
Для того, чтобы скопировать файл `output.avi` c RPi из папки `examples` на ноутбук используем похожую команду:
```bash
# после символа ':' (двоеточие) можно указать путь на удалённом компьютере
# путь указанный как './' означает текущую папку, куда будет скопирован файл
scp 192.168.11.1:examples/output.avi ./
```
## Удалённый запуск команд по SSH
Чтобы запустить команду с ноутбука на RPi (то есть удалённо) можно также воспользоваться SSH.
Команда выключения Raspberry:
```bash
ssh 192.168.11.1 'sudo shutdown now'
```
Пример команды запуска Python-скрипта:
<!-- TODO: здесь слишком длинная команда получается, потому что-то запускать скрипты в .bashrc нехорошо (команды выполняются не только из bash) Должно быть так: ssh -t 192.168.11.1 'python3 examples/get_telemetry.py' -->
```bash
ssh -t 192.168.11.1 'ROS_HOSTNAME=`hostname`.local && . /opt/ros/noetic/setup.bash && . /home/pi/catkin_ws/devel/setup.bash && python3 examples/get_telemetry.py'
```
Для того, чтобы удалённо запустить запись видео можно выполнить команду:
```bash
ssh -t 192.168.11.1 'ROS_HOSTNAME=`hostname`.local && . /opt/ros/noetic/setup.bash && . /home/pi/catkin_ws/devel/setup.bash && rosrun image_view video_recorder image:=/main_camera/image_raw'
```

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@@ -21,7 +21,6 @@
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{ "from": "ssh_keys.html", "to": "ru/ssh_keys.html" },
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{ "from": "rc.html", "to": "ru/rc.html" }, { "from": "rc.html", "to": "ru/rc.html" },